Monday, July 28, 2008

Weapon Of Eurofighter

The EuroFighter has a built-in 27 millimeter Mauser cannon on the right side of the belly of the aircraft, with 150 rounds of ammunition. The aircraft has four semi-recessed fuselage stations for air-to-air missiles (AAMs), plus a centerline stores pylon and four stores pylons under each wing, for a total of nine stores pylons. The centerline pylon and a single pylon under each wing are "wet", permitting carriage of external fuel tanks.

Maximum external stores load is 8,000 kilograms (17,640 pounds). Possible stores include:

  • Long-range AAMs, initially the excellent US "AIM-120 Advanced Medium-Range AAM (AMRAAM)" but later the Matra BAe Dynamics "Meteor Beyond-Visual-Range AAM (BVRAAM)", now under development and expected to be introduced into service in 2008. Meteor is expected to improve on AMRAAM in seeker intelligence, as well as missile performance and range.
  • Short-range AAMs, such as the AIM-9L Sidewinder, the Matra BAE Dynamics ASRAAM, or BGT IRIS-T.
  • Conventional "dumb" bombs; BL-755 cluster bombs; or Paveway laser-guided bombs and a target designator pod, such as the GEC-Marconi TIALD.
  • CRV-7 70 millimeter unguided rocket pods; Brimstone anti-armor missiles, carried in triplets on multiple ejector racks; Kongsberg Penguin or Boeing Harpoon anti-ship missiles; and the Matra BAe Dynamics Storm Shadow or LFK Taurus stand-off cruise missiles.
  • Various types of reconnaissance pods, with different user air forces now considering different solutions.
  • Up to three external fuel tanks, including a 1,500 liter (396 US gallon) tank on the centerline, and a 1,000 liter (264 US gallon) tank under each wing.

The EuroFighter's combat avionics are built around the CAPTOR (previously ECR-90) pulse-Doppler multimode radar. This radar was selected after a long debate with the Germans on whether to use a European radar design or an improved version of the US Hughes AN/APG-65. The CAPTOR was developed by the "EuroRadar" team, led by GEC Ferranti, and including FIAR of Italy as well as Inisel of Spain. The CAPTOR is basically an improved version of the Ferranti "Blue Vixen" radar fitted to the BAE Sea Harrier FA.2. The CAPTOR's capabilities include:

  • Long range; resistance to countermeasures; and all-aspect look up / down capability.
  • The ability to scan for and simultaneously track multiple targets in the air and on the land or sea, with moving target indication for surface targets and the ability to cut through sea surface clutter.
  • Ground mapping for navigation, terrain-following, and terrain-avoidance.
  • Automatic threat prioritization and identification, plus automatic weapons release.

The radar is complemented by an "infrared search and track / forward-looking infrared (IRST / FLIR)" sensor, mounted just to the left of the front of the cockpit. This sensor is designated the "Passive Infra-Red Airborne Tracking Equipment (PIRATE)" and is a very capable piece of gear. As an IRST, it can scan while tracking and ranging multiple targets, and as a FLIR, it provides a selectable wide-angle or narrow-angle field of view, with the optics directed by the pilot's helmet-mounted sight.

The EuroFighter includes a "Defensive Aids Sub-System (DASS)" built by the "EuroDASS" consortium of GEC-Marconi, Elettronica of Italy, and Indra of Spain. The Germans pulled out of the consortium due to significant cost increases in DASS, and for a time Luftwaffe EuroFighters weren't even going to have a countermeasures suite. This was a ridiculously impractical decision, driven entirely by politics, and the Germans rejoined in 2001.

As with PIRATE, a complete DASS will not be available for early production. DASS will feature in full development threat-warning systems and active countermeasures, and it will be fully automated, allowing it to detect, identify, and prioritize threats, as well as take countermeasures automatically. DASS is fully integrated with the EuroFighter's avionics systems. DASS elements include:

  • A wideband "radar warning receiver / electronic support measures (RWR/ESM)" system, with antennas on the wingtips and fuselage. The system covers 360 degrees around the aircraft and spans a frequency range from less than 100 megahertz to 10 gigahertz, and can categorize radars from their operating wavelength, pulse patterns, and scan patterns.
  • A set of "missile approach warning (MAW)" sensors on the wing leading edges and the tailcone, based on the GEC-Plessey PVS2000 MAW and using pulse-Doppler radar technology. RAF EuroFighters have a laser-warning sensor in front of the cockpit.
  • An active jammer transmitter system in the left wingtip pod, with RWR/ESM antennas on front and back. There is an RWR/ESM antenna on the front of the right wingtip pod, but other functions in this pod vary with national user.

On RAF aircraft, the right wingtip pod carries two Marconi Ariel expendable towed radar decoys. On Italian EuroFighters, the right wingtip pod contains a "crosseye" deceptive jamming module. Other users are still considering their desired countermeasures scheme. It is possible to fit the EuroFighter with a right wingtip pod that carries crosseye and a single towed radar decoy.

  • Chaff and flare dispensers, provided by SAAB and fitted at the rear of the wing in the actuator fairings for the flight-control surfaces. The chaff can be illuminated by the active-jamming system to increase its effectiveness, a scheme known as "jaff".

All avionics are integrated by six digital buses, including two fiber-optic buses. The digital flight control system is being designed in levels, with early EuroFighters featuring simple functionality, with improved functionality to be added in stages.

Below was a movie which show the power of Eurofighter.

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